Proper nutrition is the foundation of rabbit health. Unlike many pets, rabbits have very specific dietary needs that, when met, can help them live 10+ years of healthy, active life. This complete guide will teach you everything you need to know about rabbit nutrition.

🌾 The Foundation: HAY (80-85% of Diet)

Hay is the most important part of a rabbit’s diet. It should make up the vast majority of what your rabbit eats every single day.

Why Hay is Essential:

• ✅ Provides necessary fiber for digestive health
• ✅ Wears down constantly growing teeth
• ✅ Prevents hairballs and GI stasis
• ✅ Keeps rabbits mentally stimulated

Types of Hay:

How Much Hay?

🎯 UNLIMITED! Your rabbit should have access to fresh hay 24/7. A pile of hay the size of your rabbit’s body per day is a good guideline.

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🥬 Fresh Vegetables (10-15% of Diet)

Fresh vegetables provide essential vitamins, minerals, and hydration. They should be the second-largest component of your rabbit’s diet.

Daily Vegetable Guidelines:

• Amount: 1-2 cups per 5 lbs of body weight
• Variety: At least 3 different types daily
• Introduction: One new veggie at a time, watch for digestive issues
• Timing: Can be given all at once or divided into 2 feedings

✅ Safe Vegetables (Feed Daily):

⚠️ Limited Vegetables (Feed Sparingly):

• 🥕 Carrots (high in sugar – treat only!)
• 🥬 Kale (high in calcium)
• 🥬 Spinach (high in oxalates)
• 🥬 Cabbage (can cause gas)

❌ NEVER Feed:

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🥘 Pellets (5% of Diet)

Pellets are supplementary food, not the main diet. Many rabbits are overfed pellets, leading to obesity and health issues.

Choosing Quality Pellets:

• ✅ Timothy-based (not alfalfa for adults)
• ✅ High fiber content (minimum 18%)
• ✅ Plain pellets (no colorful bits, seeds, or dried fruit)
• ✅ Fresh (check expiration date)

How Much?

Rabbit Size	Daily Pellet Amount
Small (under 5 lbs)	1/8 – 1/4 cup
Medium (5-10 lbs)	1/4 – 1/2 cup
Large (10-15 lbs)	1/2 – 3/4 cup
Giant (15+ lbs)	3/4 – 1 cup

Note: Reduce pellets for overweight rabbits. Some healthy adult rabbits do fine with no pellets at all!

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💧 Water (Always Available)

Fresh, clean water must be available 24/7. Change water daily.

Water Bottle vs. Bowl:

• Bowls: More natural, allows drinking larger amounts, easier to clean. Can get dirty faster.
• Bottles: Stays cleaner, harder for rabbits to tip over. Some rabbits don’t drink enough from bottles.
• Best solution: Offer both!

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🍓 Treats (Less than 5% of Diet)

Treats should be given sparingly – think of them like candy for rabbits!

Healthy Treat Options:

• 🍓 Small piece of fruit (strawberry, apple, banana)
• 🥕 Small piece of carrot
• 🫐 Blueberries (1-2 berries)
• 🍊 Small piece of orange (no peel)
• 🍐 Small piece of pear

Treat Guidelines:

• Maximum 1-2 tablespoons of fruit per day
• Not every day!
• Never feed: chocolate, candy, crackers, bread, cereal, or processed foods

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📅 Sample Daily Feeding Schedule

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🚨 Signs of Poor Nutrition

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💡 Pro Tips for Success

1. Buy hay in bulk: It’s cheaper and ensures you never run out
2. Store hay properly: Keep in a cool, dry place away from moisture
3. Wash vegetables: Always rinse thoroughly to remove pesticides
4. Introduce slowly: New foods should be added one at a time over several days
5. Rotate varieties: Offer different types of hay and vegetables for nutrition and interest
6. Monitor weight: Weigh your rabbit monthly to catch problems early
7. Fresh is best: Don’t let vegetables sit in the cage – remove uneaten food after a few hours
8. Use our calculator: Try our Rabbit Food Calculator to get personalized portion sizes!

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🎯 Key Takeaways

Remember: Every rabbit is an individual. While these guidelines work for most rabbits, always consult with a rabbit-savvy veterinarian about your specific bunny’s nutritional needs. A healthy diet is your rabbit’s best defense against illness and the key to a long, happy life! 🐰💚